🔢 How to Count

When we count things, we point to each one and say a number!

• Count by 1s: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10...
• Count by 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 (skip one each time!)
• Count by 5s: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 (like counting nickels!)
• Count by 10s: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100

🧠 Advanced Counting Strategies

Even numbers: Numbers you land on counting by 2s (2, 4, 6, 8, 10...) are called even.

Odd numbers: Numbers you skip when counting by 2s (1, 3, 5, 7, 9...) are called odd.

Smart counting: When counting by 5s, you always land on numbers ending in 0 or 5!

➕ Adding (Putting Together)

When we add, we put groups together to find how many in all.

➖ Subtracting (Taking Away)

When we subtract, we take some away to find how many are left.

Tip: You can use your fingers to count! Hold up the first number, then count up (for adding) or count down (for subtracting).

🧠 Advanced Strategies

Missing number: In ___ + 5 = 12, think: "What do I add to 5 to get 12?" Count up from 5: 6,7,8,9,10,11,12 — that's 7 jumps! So the answer is 7.

Working backwards: If a problem says "I added 6, then subtracted 4, and got 9" — undo it! 9 + 4 = 13, then 13 - 6 = 7. The starting number was 7.

Comparison problems: "Mia has 5 MORE than Tom" means Mia's number = Tom's number + 5.

📐 Let's Learn About Shapes!

• ⭕ Circle — Round, NO sides, NO corners (like a ball or pizza)
• 🔺 Triangle — 3 sides and 3 corners (like a slice of pizza)
• 🟥 Square — 4 equal sides and 4 corners (like a window)
• 🟦 Rectangle — 4 sides (2 long, 2 short) and 4 corners (like a door)
• ⬡ Hexagon — 6 sides and 6 corners (like a honeycomb)
• ⬠ Pentagon — 5 sides and 5 corners

🧠 Advanced Shape Thinking

Combining shapes: Two triangles can make a square or rectangle! Four squares can make a bigger square!

Halves and fourths: You can cut shapes into equal parts. A circle cut into 2 equal parts gives halves. Cut into 4 equal parts gives fourths (quarters).

🔢 What is a Pattern?

A pattern is something that repeats in a way you can predict!

Tip: Look at the gap between each number. If 2→4 is +2, and 4→6 is +2, then the pattern is +2!

🧠 Advanced Patterns

Decreasing patterns: Patterns can go DOWN too! 20, 18, 16, 14... is subtracting 2 each time.

Doubling patterns: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16... each number is DOUBLE the one before it!

🐊 The Hungry Alligator!

The alligator always wants to eat the bigger number!

Remember: The open side of > or < always faces the bigger number! 🐊 chomp!

🧠 Advanced Comparing

Compare two-digit numbers: First look at the tens digit. Bigger tens = bigger number. If tens are the same, look at the ones.

Compare expressions: Sometimes you need to SOLVE first, then compare! Is 8+3 bigger or smaller than 12? Solve: 8+3=11, and 11 < 12.

👀👂👃👅✋ Our Five Senses

• 👀 Sight — We use our eyes to see colors, shapes, and people
• 👂 Hearing — We use our ears to hear music, voices, and sounds
• 👃 Smell — We use our nose to smell flowers, food, and rain
• 👅 Taste — We use our tongue to taste sweet, sour, salty, and bitter
• ✋ Touch — We use our skin (especially hands) to feel soft, rough, hot, cold

🏠 Animal Habitats

• 🌳 Land animals live on the ground or in trees: dogs, cats, rabbits, birds
• 🌊 Water animals live in oceans, rivers, or lakes: fish, whales, sharks, dolphins
• 🐸 Both! Some animals live in BOTH water and on land: frogs, turtles, crocodiles, salamanders

🌤️ Types of Weather

• ☀️ Sunny — Bright, warm, blue sky. Wear sunscreen!
• 🌧️ Rainy — Water falls from clouds. Wear a raincoat and boots!
• ❄️ Snowy — Cold! White snow falls in winter. Wear a warm coat!
• 💨 Windy — Air moves fast. Great for flying kites!
• ⛈️ Stormy — Thunder, lightning, heavy rain. Stay inside!

🌱 Every Plant Has Parts!

• 🌱 Roots — Under the ground. They drink water and hold the plant in place.
• 🌿 Stem — The "body" of the plant. It carries water from roots to leaves.
• 🍃 Leaves — They catch sunlight and make food for the plant!
• 🌸 Flower — The pretty part! It helps the plant make seeds for new plants.

👀 What Are Sight Words?

Sight words are words you should know by looking at them — without sounding them out!

Here are the words you'll practice. Read each one out loud 3 times:

Tip: Ask a grown-up to point to each word and practice reading them quickly!

🎵 What Are Rhyming Words?

Words that sound the same at the end are rhyming words!

Trick: Cover the first letter. If the rest of the word sounds the same, they rhyme! 🎶

🔤 Alphabetical Order

The alphabet goes: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z

To put words in ABC order, look at the first letter of each word!

Tip: Sing the ABC song and stop when you find the first letter of each word. The one you stop at first goes first!

🏘️ People Who Help Us!

• 🚒 Firefighter — Puts out fires and rescues people
• 👩‍⚕️ Doctor — Helps you when you're sick or hurt
• 📬 Mail Carrier — Delivers letters and packages to your house
• 👩‍🏫 Teacher — Helps you learn at school
• 👮 Police Officer — Keeps everyone safe and follows the law
• 🌾 Farmer — Grows the food we eat
• 🦷 Dentist — Takes care of your teeth
• ✈️ Pilot — Flies airplanes to take people places

👍 Making Good Choices

Good choices make others feel happy and safe. Bad choices can make others feel sad or hurt.

Ask yourself: "Would this make someone smile or frown?" 😊 or 😢

🗺️ Maps Help Us Find Places!

• A map is a picture that shows where things are
• 🔵 Blue on a map = water (oceans, rivers, lakes)
• 🟢 Green on a map = land (grass, forests)
• ⬆️ Up on a map = North
• The place where you live is called your community or neighborhood
• The Earth 🌍 is shaped like a sphere (a ball!)

🔍 How to Find Patterns

A pattern is something that repeats! Look carefully at what comes first, then next, and guess what comes after.

Tip: Say the pattern out loud. It helps you hear what comes next!

🤔 What Doesn't Belong?

Look at a group of things. Most of them are the same kind. One is different. That's the odd one out!

🧠 If-Then Logic

Sometimes we know something is true, and we can figure out more from it!

Tip: Think about what the rule tells you, then use it to figure out the answer!